The Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius), also known as the Common Hippopotamus, River Hippopotamus or simply Hippo, is a large mammal native to sub-Saharan African rivers, lakes and mangrove swamps. "Hippopotamus" comes from the Greek word "River Horse", but hippos are in fact more closely related to whales and dolphins. They are easily recognizable by their barrel-shaped torsos, wide mouths and large canines. The hippopotamus is one of the largest animals in Africa, with males weighing up to 1500kg (3310lb). Despite its fierce appearance, hippos are herbivores, coming out onto land to graze on grasses; their large teeth are used only for fighting and defense.
Hippos are semi-aquatic in nature and spend most of the day in water or mud to avoid the heat of the African sun. Mating and birthing also occurs underwater, but despite this, hippos are poor swimmers and tend to stay in shallow waters. Although largely solitary, hippos will gather in loose groups, or pods, when there is enough water. The hippopotamus is stated to be one of the most dangerous animals in Africa.
- The hippopotamus may look big and lazy, but they are in fact extremely territorial - and it has a very bad temper. If a male hippo enters another male's territory, the visitor must act submissive. Otherwise, the dominant male picks a fight. The hippos swing their open jaws and try to gore each other with their thick canine teeth. These battles can last for more than two hours, and can prove fatal for the loser.
- Most of the hippo's day is spent in the water with only the top of its head poking above the surface. They move so little, that algae grows on its skin.
- The hippo is very sensitive to the sun. The huge mammal's smooth skin produces a sticky pink liquid that protects it from harmful sunrays and keeps its skin moist when on land.
- Despite their huge size, hippos are graceful swimmers and can run up to 20 mph.
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